I appreciate the effort, my college physics courses are a bit too far in my past to remember these things

What are the physical effects of each type? I understand ferromagnetism since that’s just how iron behaves, but what do the other 2 look like?

Yes, they discovered that it was a new species. If I had a rock on my desk for 20 years then one day ran a test that discovered it was a new element, I could say I discovered a new element even though I knew the rock existed.